Official web site of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration.

• Astronaut Biographies Home Page

Official web site of the United States Navy.

• The Aircraft Carriers

• Naval Vessel Register

• Navy and Marine Corps Astronauts

(no author credited); "NASA Astronauts" (NASA Educational Publication EP-34); Softcover; 1968; National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Washington, DC; 40 pages.

Cassutt, Michael; "Who's Who in Space: The International Space Year Edition;" Hardcover; 1993; MacMillan Publishing Company, New York; 439 pages.

Cooper, L. Gordon, et al; "The Astronauts: Pioneers in Space;" Hardcover; 1961; Golden Press, New York; 92 pages.

Kaplan, Judith & Muniz, Robert; "Space Patches: From Mercury to the Space Shuttle;" Softcover; 1986; Sterling Publishing Co., Inc., New York; 128 pages.

Moore, John (Capt., R. N.) (Editor); "Jane's American Fighting Ships of the 20th Century;" Hardcover; November 1991; Bdd Promotional Book Co; 319 pages.

Yenne, Bill; "Encyclopedia of US Spacecraft, The;" Hardcover; 1985; Exeter Books, New York; 192 pages.